What Are the Official Table Tennis Serving Rules? A Complete Guide in English
Table tennis, a fast-paced and exciting sport, requires strict adherence to its rules, especially for the serve. A legal serve sets the tone for the rally. This guide explains the official table tennis serving rules in clear English, perfect for players, coaches, and enthusiasts worldwide.
The Core Rules of a Legal Table Tennis Serve:
According to the International Table Tennis Federation (ITTF), the serve must follow these key principles:
The Open Palm and Stationary Toss: The ball must rest freely on the open, flat palm of your non-playing hand. The palm must be stationary and above the level of the playing surface. You must then toss the ball vertically upwards, without imparting spin. The toss must be at least 16 cm (approximately 6 inches) high from your palm.
Strike and Visibility: As the ball is descending, you must strike it so that it touches your court first, passes over or around the net assembly, and then touches your opponent's court. During the entire service motion, from the start of the toss until the ball is struck, the ball must be visible to both the umpire and your opponent at all times. This rule eliminates hidden serves.
Position: The serve must be executed from behind the end line of the table. The ball and your body cannot be obstructed from the view of the receiver by any part of you or your doubles partner.
Common Serving Faults to Avoid:
- Illegal Toss: A sideways toss, a toss that is too low (under 16 cm), or a toss where the hand cups the ball.
- Hiding the Ball: Obscuring the ball with your arm, shoulder, or body during the serve.
- Striking on the Rise: Hitting the ball before it reaches the highest point of its toss or while it is still ascending.
- Foot Fault: Stepping on or over the end line or the side extension of the end line before the ball is struck.
Doubles Serving Rules: In doubles, the serve must travel diagonally from the server's right-half court to the receiver's right-half court. The sequence of play is strictly defined.
Mastering these table tennis serving rules is fundamental. A correct serve not only avoids giving free points to your opponent but also allows you to develop strategic and varied serves to gain an advantage. Practice these ping pong serve regulations to ensure your game is both competitive and compliant with international standards. For the most precise details, always refer to the latest official ITTF handbook.